If
you are the parent of more than one child, you know how
exhausting it can be to listen to your children’s
bickering, name calling, teasing, or even physical fighting
with each other. In addition, siblings often show jealousy
and competitiveness with each other over issues that
may seem trivial to parents, such as who has more peanut
butter on their sandwich, or whose t-shirt is the reddest.
While some level of conflict occurs in any relationship
between people who have to share the same living space
for extended periods of time (think of marriages!), sibling
rivalry often leaves parents feeling tense, angry, exhausted,
and inadequate. Fortunately, there are several ways to
reduce conflict and competition between siblings and
to help them get along a little more often. Thinking
of conflicts as “teaching moments” rather
than “stress” can be a first step.
Fighting, Teasing, Bickering
When your children fight with each other, it can be difficult to decide whether
you should step in, or let them work it out on their own. Make a plan ahead
of time for how you would like to handle different situations so you can stay
calm.
Have clear family rules about behavior. Describe
what will not be tolerated (e.g., hitting, name calling, etc.) and spell
out specific consequences for breaking the rules. For example, children may
have to pay a reasonable fine (such as 50 cents) each time they insult a
brother or sister. A child who hits another may have to do a chore or some
other nice thing for the sibling.
Give each child individual time and attention. Research
shows that 15-20 minutes of one-on-one time with a parent each day
can reduce fighting between siblings. Let each one know you like
spending time with them alone because they are so special to you,
and you enjoy their company.
Ignore bickering. It’s a proven fact
that kids will fight longer and louder when they have an audience.
Leave the room and let them work it out. Tell yourself that they
are learning important lessons about conflict resolution.
Catch them being good. When your children
are playing together without fighting, this is not the time to catch
up on reading or paperwork because it’s finally quiet. Instead,
bring them a snack, and say, “I’m really happy to see
that you are playing together so well.” Paying attention to
their cooperation and showing your appreciation will encourage them
to continue the positive behavior.
Stop hurtful actions immediately. When
children are fighting physically, separate them into different rooms
to calm down. Once calm, have them sit at opposite ends of a couch
or table, and tell them that they won’t be able to leave until
they have worked things out by talking. At first, they may need your
help to learn to compromise. Teach them simple problem solving skills,
such as “Let’s list 5 ideas for how you can
resolve this issue – which idea would work best?” Over time, they
will learn important skills for negotiating on their own.
Show children how to express angry feelings appropriately. Remind
children that it’s okay to be angry at a sibling but it’s
never okay to hit or insult others. Expect them to express their
anger in appropriate words. Say, “You sound furious – but
I expect you to confront your sister without calling her names” or “Tell
your brother how angry you are with words, not fists” – then
make a brief suggestion for how they could put their anger into words
until they learn to do it by themselves.
Acknowledge your children’s feelings about each other. Empathy
for how your children feel can go a long way toward soothing their hostility
toward each other. Simple statements such as,” Your brother really hurt
your feelings” or “You wish that she had asked your permission
before using your things” show understanding, and children will feel
less compelled to prove their point by arguing or fighting.
Jealousy
and Competition
Children compete for the time, attention, love, and approval that parents have
to give. Many parents tend to believe that they should treat siblings the same,
and give them the same amount of attention, treats, and material things. This
is not only impossible, but can actually make the problem worse because it
encourages children to compare and find inequality somewhere. Instead, try
the following:
Focus on each child’s individual needs. Help
your children figure out what they need themselves rather than focusing
on what their siblings have. When they complain, “You gave him more
juice than me,” don’t try to explain that you gave them exactly
the same amount. Instead, respond by asking whether they are still thirsty,
and how much juice they think they might need.
Don’t treat them equally, treat them uniquely.
Children usually don’t believe it when you tell them that
you love them all equally. Instead, let them know what you think
is unique about each one, and why they are special to you. The
more specific you are, the easier it will be for your child to
feel appreciated for who they are, instead of trying to compete
with a sibling.
Resist the urge to compare. Even when you
have the best intentions not to compare your children to each other,
you might say things that can make a child feel like they are better
or worse than a sibling, encouraging competition and jealousy. Try
to describe their actions or characteristics without any reference
to a sibling’s behavior. Instead of saying, “Your brother
is already dressed – what’s taking you so long?” say ”You
are not dressed yet and it’s time to go.”
Recommended
Reading:
Adele Faber & Elaine Mazlish (1998). Siblings Without Rivalry. Paperback,
250 pages.
Peter Goldenthal (1999). Beyond Sibling Rivalry. Paperback,
237 pages.
